Malaria, a life-threatening, blood-borne disease, occurs when an infected mosquito bites a person, releasing a parasite called Plasmodium. The parasites multiply in the liver and cause infections in red blood cells. The World Health Organization says symptoms of this condition materialize approximately 10 to 15 days after being bitten and include fevers, headaches and vomiting. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Emerging Infectious Diseases says malaria affects 500 million people from around the world, particularly in Africa. Many tourists visiting Africa return home with this condition. Malaria prevention in Africa helps residents and visitors ward off this deadly disorder.
Know Malaria Risks
The first malaria prevention method includes knowing the risks for contracting this life-threatening condition. Mosquito bites differ according to region and time of year. If malaria vaccines are available in the African country of residence, take advantage of this treatment option. People visiting Africa should take the necessary vaccinations before traveling. Many countries require vaccinations before they will allow entry into the country. The CDC has a checklist of vaccinations necessary for travel. For vaccinations to be effective, travelers need vaccinations at least four to six weeks before departure.
Use Repellents and Wear Mosquito-Resistant Clothing
People who use mosquito repellents and water bug-repellent clothing prevent malaria in Africa. Clothing that repels mosquitoes include long pants, long sleeves, thick socks and hats with mosquito guards. Mosquitoes are not as attracted to light colors as much as dark-colored clothing. People visiting Africa need mosquito repellents containing DEET, an effective repellent approved by the Food and Drug Administration. DEET is deemed safe for adults, children and pregnant women. Net Doctor UK says that the insect repellent should contain more than 30 percent DEET. People use lemon scent or refined lemon eucalyptus oil as natural mosquito repellents.
Use Mosquito Nets
Malaria prevention in Africa includes using mosquito nets when sleeping outdoors, the time when mosquito bites increase. If indoor dwelling have openings, seal doors and windows with screens and plug small opening with gauze. Before entering a dwelling at the end of the day, spray the room with insecticide to kill bug in the room before sleeping in it. Air-conditioned rooms don't draw as many mosquitoes.
Take Malaria-Prevention Medications
Many medications are approved for malaria prevention in Africa, so talk to health care providers about these prescription drugs. Anti-malaria drugs have to be specially prepared by pharmacists and should be taken four to six weeks before the trip. People take these drugs before going to African countries to build up in the system and during and after trips in case a person gets bitten by an infected mosquito. Health care professionals provide dosing instructions and recommendations for how long drugs should be taken. Approved drugs include mefloquine, doxycycline and chloroquine.
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