Hazardous chemicals are in many places of employment.
Chemicals in various forms -- powder, liquid and gas -- are frequently used in the workplace. Proper procedures must be followed, because these chemicals can have significant adverse effects on the people handling them. The amount of damage that occurs depends on the length of exposure to the chemical. There are several different areas of the body that are affected by exposure to corrosive chemicals.
Respiratory System
Inhalation of gaseous chemicals causes damage to the trachea and lungs. Mild damage causes irritation to the respiratory system -- discomfort and coughing -- that resolves with exposure to fresh air. Prolonged exposure worsens damage, progressing to chest pain, breathing difficulties, pulmonary edema (fluid backup in the lungs) and eventual death. Call emergency services for any symptoms beyond irritation. Gaseous chemicals should be used in well-ventilated areas.
Integumentary System
The integumentary system is composed of the largest organ in the human body -- the skin. Chemical damage to the skin is common, and use of personal protective equipment (PPE) is important. Integumentary system damage causes redness, peeling of the skin or various degrees of burns. When contact occurs, flush the skin for at least 15 minutes with water and remove any clothing over the burned area. Contact emergency services for follow-up medical intervention.
Visual System
Corrosive chemicals can cause serious damage to the eyes. Limited exposure causes pain, tearing and redness, while more extensive exposure can cause blindness. Immediately flush the eyes with water for at least 15 minutes. Hold the eyes open and look in different directions to clean all eye surfaces. Seek medical attention for any eye exposure to chemicals -- damage can be delayed.
Digestive System
The digestive system -- throat, esophagus, stomach and intestines -- can be a significantly damaged if chemicals are ingested. Burns occur in the mouth and along the digestive tract. Pain is severe, and vomiting and diarrhea might occur as well. This exposure can be life-threatening and immediate medical attention should be sought. Do not eat or drink anything after ingesting chemicals.
Tags: damage causes, emergency services, least minutes, medical attention, with water