Detect Bed Bug Bite Symptoms

Bed bug bite symptoms

Bed bug bite symptoms can be difficult for even doctors to diagnose. When all of the clues add together, however, even the least educated individual could come to the right conclusion. Although these critters are often seen in dirty, run-down places, they can also show up in high end hotels and even your home. If you are worried about bed bug bite symptoms, know what to look for before there is a problem.

Instructions

1. Check for raised red bumps like mosquito bites. Mosquito bites are some common, you can quickly rule out bed bug bite symptoms if the spot doesn't look like a small raised bump.

2. Look for a linear 3 or 4 bump pattern. Bed bug bite symptoms are easy to recognize because they typically show up in lines of 3 or 4. Some people call this the breakfast, lunch, and dinner for the critter.

3. Pay attention to your reaction. Do the bumps feel itchier than mosquito bites? If so, it's a good chance it is one of the bed bug bite symptoms. Also, these last longer than mosquito bites.

4. Think about where you spent the night 7 to 9 days before you noticed the bed bug bite symptoms. They typically don't show up for a long time after exposure. That is one of the main reasons the bites are often misdiagnosed.

Tags: bite symptoms, bite symptoms, mosquito bites, than mosquito, than mosquito bites, typically show

The Definition Of Inducible Expression Vector

Biotechnology is the science of using living organisms, including microorganisms, to produce goods and services. Biotechnology is a branch of molecular biology, and much of it aims to change organisms at their molecular level to create new applications. Biotechnology is useful in agriculture, medicine and industry, including the energy and environmental categories. Inducible expression vectors are an important tool to biotechnologists.

Definition

An expression vector is an independent, circular molecule that contains self-replicating DNA. The purpose of an expression vector is to introduce a specific gene into a target cell. An inducible expression vector contains a switch, or inducer, that can regulate the level and duration of the gene expression.

Characteristics

The inducible expression vector should be efficient, meaning it should be able to penetrate the desirable tissue or organ.

The inducible expression vector should be non-toxic, meaning it should not damage or destroy the tissue or organs it will enter.

The inducible expression vector should be nonimmunogenic, meaning it should not cause an immune response in the body which could destroy it.

Inducers

There are a wide variety of promoters or inducers that researchers use to turn the gene expression on and off. Some are outside forces, such as being dependent on a substance like an antibiotic. This can pose problems, such as side effects from the antibiotics. There are radiation inducible promoters, which are desirable for cancer treatments. Researchers are even creating a hypoxia-sensitive promoter for Myocardial ischemia (heart attack). A future that includes this type of inducer would be exciting, as an expression vector like this would have the ability to lie dormant for months or years until the gene expression is turned on by the symptom.

Types

There are many kinds of inducible expression vectors, but there are two main types: viral and non-viral. Viral vectors are often used because they are efficient. They can enter the cells easily, therefore delivering their genetic material to the target cells. Although a viral vector is made from a human viral pathogen, essential viral genes have been deleted, making it nonpathogenic (meaning it will not cause disease). Non-viral vectors usually use lipids (fats) or polymers as carriers, and they were developed as a safer solution to viral vectors. Creating a non-viral vector that can penetrate the target cell is more difficult, but there are several successful non-viral vectors.

Use in Gene Therapy

Gene therapy is a specific scientific field that involves the insertion of a gene into cells to either restore a missing function or provide the cell with a new function. Inducible expression vectors are widely used in gene therapy. Research in the field of gene therapy is making great strides in finding treatments for diseases including cancer, diabetes, arthritis and Parkinson's disease.

Tags: expression vector, inducible expression vector, expression vector should, expression vectors, gene expression

About Dengue Fever Treatments

Dengue fever is a viral disease that is transmitted to humans by a type of mosquito that bites during the daytime hours. The disease is common in tropical and subtropical areas. Dengue fever is not contagious, but is transmitted when a mosquito bites an infected person and then spreads the disease by biting a non-infected person. The disease is of particular concern for travelers to sub-Saharan Africa, Southeast Asia, the Caribbean and parts of Brazil and South America.

Identification

Symptoms of dengue fever include a sudden fever, chills, a pink rash on the face, body aches and general malaise. Infected persons may also experience severe pain at the joints, swollen glands, red eyes, eye pain and weakness. In some cases, bruises may appear, and black vomit occurs in serious cases. Symptoms may disappear after an initial period of 4 to 7 days and then reappear with greater force. Dengue fever is often misdiagnosed as malaria, because symptoms and infection source are similar.

Types

In most cases of common dengue fever, there is no treatment for the virus. Doctors may prescribe medicines to alleviate pain and fever symptoms, and infected persons are advised to get lots of bed rest and to drink an adequate volume of liquid to prevent dehydration. In cases of severe dengue fever, patients may be given blood transfusions to replace lost blood, and on occasion, oxygen will be administered.

Time Frame

The incubation period for the dengue fever virus is 3 to 15 days; most symptoms manifest themselves in under a week. Most dengue fever patients recover in two weeks, with careful care. Almost all patients infected with dengue fever recover entirely. If you have been in an area endemic to dengue fever and you exhibit any of the symptoms, you should see a doctor immediately. The sooner dengue fever is diagnosed, the better the chances of complete recovery and avoidance of the more serious dengue shock syndrome.

Warning

Patients suffering from dengue fever are advised not to take aspirin; instead, acetaminophen or other over-the-counter pain medications are more appropriate. When severe symptoms of dengue fever appear, such as shock and coma, it is crucial that victims get early treatment. In such cases, doctors will provide aggressive treatment with electrolyte and fluid replacement methods.

Prevention/Solution

While there is no treatment for the dengue fever virus, the best way to avoid the disease is prevention. Travelers to tropic and subtropic areas that are at high risk for dengue fever should exercise particular caution during the daylight hours, when disease-carrying mosquitoes bite. Wear long pants and long sleeves, avoid standing water and use a mosquito repellent that contains the chemical DEET.

Tags: dengue fever, dengue fever, dengue fever, dengue fever patients, dengue fever virus, fever patients, fever virus

An Experiment On The Effects Of Light On Larvae

Light exposure inhibits the locomotion of fly larvae.

Adaptation to circumstances and environments is vital to an organism's survival. According to neurobiologist Bruce McEwen, these responses are a "double-edged sword" -- while they promote survival, they also can have long-standing, damaging effects. Drosophila melanogaster larvae feed by burrowing into a food source. During this time, the larvae are repulsed by light and will actively move away from light sources, according to an article in the Journal of Neuroscience Methods. When larvae leave their food source to find a suitable site for pupation, their repulsion to light diminishes and the larvae eventually become unresponsive to bright light.

Abstract

Organisms are continually faced with stressful situations and must be able to adapt to survive. A study published in the January 2005 issue of the Journal of Neuroscience Methods described an assay to measure behavioral responses of Drosophila melanogaster larvae, the common fruit fly, to bright light. Control and experimental (light-exposed) fly larvae were placed equal distances from a food source and the times required to reach the food source were recorded. The researchers found that exposure to bright light resulted in slower movement. However, given time to recover from the light treatment, the experimental larvae regained normal locomotion.

Materials and Methods

Flies were maintained at room temperature and allowed to breed. The newly hatched larvae (72 to 78 hours old) were divided into two groups: a control group that received no treatment and an experimental group, which was exposed to bright light. A small amount of yeast paste was placed in a hole in the middle of a plate. The larvae were placed near the edge of the plate and observed for 60 minutes. Quantitative scores were assessed by counting the number from each group that reached the yeast for each minute of the assay. Those that did not crawl were omitted from the study.

Results

Almost 600 larvae were observed for this experiment -- 305 in the control group and 278 in the experimental group. Results were calculated by counting the number of larvae arriving at the food source every minute for the duration of the experiment. The control larvae reached the food source at an average time of 4.099 minutes, whereas the experimental larvae took an average of 16.27 minutes.

Larvae were exposed to light for durations of 10, 20, 30 and 40 minutes. However, 10 to 30 minutes of light exposure did not influence the amount of time to reach the food source. Increasing the duration of light beyond 30 minutes resulted in a response similar to the control larvae.

Discussion

The researchers concluded that the quantification of the adaptive behavioral responses to bright light in Drosophila larvae is a measure of behavioral flexibility. They further stated that this assay could be a useful genetic screen for behavioral modifications in respect to the larval adaptation to bright light. The study concluded that future studies should be performed to determine changes at the molecular level in factors promoting behavioral responses to better define adaption to stress.

Tags: food source, bright light, behavioral responses, larvae were, concluded that

Make Your Own Bird Bath With Common Household Items

Make a homemade bird bath out of readily available household items.

If you enjoy watching wild birds, you probably have a bird feeder. Add a bird bath and you will attract more birds while providing water to your winged friends. While commercially available bird baths add a designer touch to your bird feeding station, they are not the only way to offer water to birds. A homemade bird bath crafted from readily available household items can work, too. You may already have a bird bath waiting in your garage or basement. Does this Spark an idea?

Instructions

Create A Garbage Can Lid Bird Bath

1. Assess the lid. Choose a lid that is at least 18 inches across and will hold water to a depth of 2 to 3 inches. Be sure the lid does not have any cracks or holes.

2. Clean the cover. Use hot, soapy water to wash the lid and rinse it thoroughly. Use baking soda to scrub stubborn spots.

3. Select the site. Birds prefer to bathe at ground level. Choose a level area at least 15 feet away from shrubbery. Birds are very vulnerable to attack while they are bathing, so keep the bath away from predator cover.

4. Prepare the ground. If the area is grassy, dig up and remove the turf to create a bare area at least 6 inches wider than your lid. Place mulch or gravel over the bare spot and set the lid in the center. Use a twisting motion to settle the lid into a wobble-free position.

5. Add a 1/4-inch layer of gravel or pebbles. A slightly rough, rocky bottom give birds added traction and stability while bathing.

6. Fill the bath with water. Use a garden hose or watering can to fill the lid to a depth of 2 to 3 inches.

7. Keep it clean. The bath should be emptied and cleaned every three to five days. Empty the water and gravel and scrub the lid with a nylon sponge or brush. Allow the gravel to air dry. Replace the gravel and refill the bath.

Tags: area least, available household, available household items, away from, bird bath, depth inches

Bayer Advanced All In One Rose & Flower Care Directions

Apply fertilizer, insecticide and fungicide to roses in one step.

Bayer Advanced All-in-One Rose and Flower Care combines a fertilizer, an insecticide and disease control. Bayer recommends it for roses, azaleas, rhododendrons, irises, hibiscus and similar ornamental shrubs and flowers. The product's fungicide -- tebuconazole -- controls black spot, rust, powdery mildew and southern blight, while its insecticide -- imidacloprid -- kills aphids, Japanese beetles, leaf beetles, thrips and other insects. The fertilizer is 9-14-9, meaning it's higher in phosphorus to encourage blooms and strong roots. It's poisonous to aquatic invertebrates, so avoid applying it or disposing of the product where it will contaminate water. Does this Spark an idea?

Instructions

1. Measure 4 tbsp. of Bayer Advanced All-in-One Rose and Flower Care for each rose you want to treat, when the plants begin to grow in the spring. Put the amount you measured into a watering can. If you're treating a flower garden, measure 4 tbsp. for every 12 square feet. If you're treating a shrub other than a rose, measure 2 tbsp. for each foot of the shrub's height.

2. Add 1 quart of water to the watering can for each rose or for each foot of a shrub's height. If you're treating a flower garden, add 2 gallons of water for every 12 square feet.

3. Shake or stir the watering can to mix the product with the water.

4. Water the base of the rose or shrub. Avoid getting the product on the leaves. If you're watering a flower bed, you can sprinkle it over the flowers if necessary, since the extra dilution makes the product safer for the leaves.

5. Fill the watering can with plain water and water the plants again to rinse out the watering can and to make sure you've applied all the product.

6. Repeat the treatment again in six weeks and 12 weeks for a total of three treatments a year. If you have sandy soil and problems with plant diseases, apply the product every four to five weeks, for a total of four applications a year.

Tags: Bayer Advanced, Flower Care, Rose Flower, Rose Flower Care, Advanced All-in-One

Insects That Are Attracted To Infrared Light

While you likely have noticed that certain insects seem drawn to light sources such as bulbs and open flames, you may not have observed their attraction to infrared light. This is because infrared light is not visible to the human eye, so we cannot gauge when an insect is attracted to it. Many bloodsucking insects rely on infrared light and the heat it gives off to find food and hosts. Others use infrared emissions to find shelter and places to house their larvae. Does this Spark an idea?

Mosquitoes

Mosquitoes rely on warm-blooded creatures for nutrients. Female mosquitoes suck blood to sustain their ability to create eggs. Because mosquitoes have poor eyesight, they rely on body warmth to know where to find and draw blood. Infrared-light-based traps trick mosquitoes into believing a warm-blooded host is near. Emitted infrared light also reflects off of water in a way that allows mosquitoes to recognize potential breeding areas.

Beetles

Beetles use their antennae to recognize infrared radiation from forest fires in their native surroundings. These infrared signals attract beetles and lead them to warm wood, which is where they most like to lay their eggs. Beetle larvae then survive by eating the wood found through this process.

Bed Bugs

Much like mosquitoes, bed bugs use infrared signals to find prey. They feed on bird and mammal blood and detect infrared emissions from potential hosts. Once bed bugs have located a blood source, they inject two mouth parts into the skin -- one which extracts blood while the other secretes an anti-coagulant to keep the blood flow active during feeding.

Tags: infrared light, infrared emissions, infrared signals

Remove A Tick From An Animal

There are more than 800 species of ticks and many carry diseases such as Rocky Mountain spotted fever and Lyme disease, which are transferred to animals and humans through bites. Ticks are parasites, as they attach themselves to a host by burrowing their mouths into the skin and feeding on blood. Removing a tick from an animal is an important step in preventing infection or identifying a disease in case the animal has become ill.

Instructions

1. Identify the parasite. Be sure that it's a tick and not some other type of insect. Ticks (part of the arachnid family) are wingless, have rounded bodies and four pairs of legs. There are hard-bodied and soft-bodied variations, and length ranges from 1/8 inch to 1/2 inch when fully fed.

2. Call a veterinarian. The vet may have specific instructions for you to follow when removing the tick, and treatment advice for after the parasite has been taken off the animal.

3. Use tweezers to remove the tick. First, put on rubber gloves in order to protect yourself from any diseases the insect may be carrying. With the end of the tweezers, grasp the tick as close to the animal's flesh as possible without pinching the skin. Keep the tweezers perpendicular to the skin and pull firmly to loosen and remove the tick. Inspect the bite site and use the tweezers to pull out any parts remaining in the skin, such as the tick's mouth.

4. Save the tick. Place the tick into a small, resealable plastic bag. This allows for easy transport to the veterinarian's office, where the vet will test the tick for Lyme disease or Rocky Mountain spotted fever and suggest a course of treatment for the animal.

5. Disinfect the site of the wound. To help prevent infection, use soap and water to clean the bite area, being sure to wear rubber gloves as additional protection against disease transmission. A cotton swab is useful for applying the antibiotic cream accurately. Wash your hands after removing a tick from an animal.

Tags: Lyme disease, Mountain spotted, Mountain spotted fever, remove tick, removing tick, Rocky Mountain, Rocky Mountain spotted

Differences Between Bedbugs & Chiggers

Avoid chiggers while enjoying the woods.

Chiggers and bedbugs are insects with bites that can make life miserable. Although both insects feast on human blood, many key differences between the two pests exist. The most effective way to avoid bedbugs and chiggers is to learn identify them so that you can stay out of their way. Unfortunately, it is very difficult to control both types of critters.

Identification

Bedbugs are reddish-brown insects that live indoors. They have an oval shape and grow to the size of an apple seed, according to the Mayo Clinic. True to their name, bedbugs infest bed frames, box springs and other nooks and crannies of the bed. Bedbugs are generally found in hotels, homeless shelters and hospitals. Chiggers are a larval stage of the Trombiculidae mite. Such organisms are very small, 1/150th of an inch in diameter, according to the Missouri Department of Conservation. They live outdoors in places with tall weeds, tall grasses and moist areas with low-growing shrubs.

Bites

Bedbug bites appear similar to the welts that other biting insects cause. Such bites are itchy and red with a dark spot in the middle. Bedbug bites usually crop up in clusters or lines. They most often appear on the hands, face, arms and neck. Chigger bites first appear as small red spots. They then grow in size as the itchiness becomes more intense. Chigger bites usually appear on the feet, ankles and groin.

Avoidance

To avoid chiggers, wear long pants and avoid sandals while you're out in the woods. Insect repellents and picaridin will also stop chiggers from biting you. Take a hot and soapy bath immediately after you've been exposed to cut down itch time. You can also buy over-the-counter lawn treatment that will kill chiggers in the area surrounding your house. Unfortunately, avoiding bedbugs is much more difficult if your bed is infested. Bedbugs hide during the day and can survive for months without eating. The Mayo Clinic suggests hiring a professional exterminator to get rid of an infestation.

Complications

Neither bedbug or chigger bites carry any long-term ramifications. Although bedbugs could technically be vectors for blood-borne diseases after feeding on an infected person, the Mayo Clinic says no evidence exists that bedbugs transmit disease of any sort.

Tags: Mayo Clinic, Bedbug bites, bites usually, Chigger bites, grow size

Make Tick Repellent

An adult deer tick.

You can make your own tick repellent for use on dogs, cats, farm animals and yourself. This tick repellent uses Neem oil as the active ingredient. A scientific study published in the South African Journal of Animal Science showed that Neem was an effective tick repellent when used on goats. Neem has also been successfully used in dog, cat and human tick repellents, as well as being a natural nontoxic agricultural insecticide. An added benefit for using neem in a tick repellent is that it also repels fleas and mosquitoes.

Instructions

1. Place a funnel into the top of a 12-ounce or larger bottle.

2. Pour 10 oz. of organic jojoba oil or organic aloe vera gel through the funnel into the bottle. The jojoba oil or aloe vera gel serves as a base to dilute the neem oil. The oil is more effective at making the natural tick repellent stick to the skin or fur, but some people find the oil to be too greasy. If you prefer, substitute the jojoba oil for a different base oil, such as almond or olive oil.

3. Pour 1/2 oz. of organic neem oil through the funnel into the bottle.

4. Fasten the spray nozzle lid onto the bottle and shake the bottle for five minutes to combine the ingredients.

5. Shake the natural neem tick repellent before each use. Spray it lightly onto the fur of pets, avoiding the face, once every two weeks. Apply the neem oil liberally onto your skin before hiking or going into wooded areas.

Tags: tick repellent, funnel into, aloe vera, funnel into bottle, into bottle

Make Your Own Dog Repellent

While dogs may be man's best friend, they can also be a major nuisance, especially when they are puppies. Your furniture and garden are at risk with a new puppy in the house. Puppies are teething and need to chew, so it's important to take measures to protect your upholstered furniture and garden beds. Use the remedies below to keep your new pup from chewing through your home. Does this Spark an idea?

Instructions

1. Determine the problem areas. Some dogs go straight for gardens and the lawn, while others may like to chew on furniture. If the problem is somewhere in the yard or garden, you may not need a repellent. Dogs inherently want to return to the same place where they've gone to the bathroom, so you may just need to guide them to another part of your yard. For garden veggies or furniture, you will want to make a repellent.

2. Try a cayenne pepper mix first. Mix together water and cayenne pepper in a spray bottle. Use 1 part cayenne and 10 parts water as a ratio. You do not want to over-concentrate the pepper in the water as it may ruin your furniture or garden and may not be healthy for the animal. Spray the solution over the problem areas in a light mist. Cover the area entirely. This should keep your pesky dog from chewing or eating.

3. Make a vinegar and water solution if the cayenne pepper solution fails to work. Mix 1 part vinegar and 5 parts water to make this solution. Again, spray over the affected areas in a light mist, covering everything exposed.

4. Another technique is to use citrus. There are several varieties of these dog repellents for purchase. However, you can try to use fresh lemon without buying a solution. Cut up a few lemons into wedges. Squeeze the juice over the affected area and let stand for a few minutes. You can also spread some wedges throughout your garden if the unruly dog likes to trample through your beds.

5. One last technique is to soak cotton balls with ammonia and place them around the areas you want to keep the dog away from. Be very careful with ammonia as it is a toxic chemical and could injure the animal.

Tags: cayenne pepper, furniture garden, areas light, areas light mist, from chewing

Make Garlic Juice

Raw Garlic

Garlic is known for its incredible health properties and is a natural antibiotic. Many health-conscious individuals and naturalists take garlic juice periodically to help maintain a healthy body.

One of the best ways to get the benefits of garlic is to drink the juice. Dried capsule products are inferior to raw garlic, which maintains maximum healing properties of garlic. Here's make garlic juice.

Instructions

1. Peel a head of garlic, or more if you want to make a large amount of garlic juice at once.

2. Process the garlic cloves in a food processor or blender until pureed. In the absence of a food processor, you can simply crush with a garlic press, over a small bowl.

3. Pour garlic puree through the mesh strainer into a small bowl. Scrape the sides with a rubber spatula to retrieve all juices. Press the garlic through the strainer with the spatula. Discard pulp left in the strainer.

4. Pour garlic puree from small bowl through the coffee filter for further straining. Allow it to filter until it stops dripping; you can speed up the process by pressing the puree gently with your spatula.

5. Refrigerate your homemade garlic juice in a glass container. Avoid plastic both for health reasons and because it will be very difficult to remove the garlic odor from a plastic container.

Tags: garlic juice, small bowl, food processor, garlic puree, Pour garlic, Pour garlic puree

Horse Sicknesses & Diseases

Horse Sicknesses & Diseases

All animals can suffer from disease. The majority of diseases that horses can suffer from occur around the hooves or the abdomen. Many of these diseases run their course, while other diseases must be treated with a variety of medicines. Some diseases are so severe that horse owners often euthanize the horse.

Hoof Diseases

There are three main horse hoof diseases: brittle hoof, club-foot, ringed or ribbed hoof and spongy hoof. Horses that have had their hooves in water for long periods of time might get brittle hoof, which is where the hooves become very dry and are likely to fracture. Club-foot is a hereditary condition in which the hoof is deformed, making it difficult for the horse to run without stumbling. Spongy foot occurs when horses with flat feet in which the hoof becomes soft. Then there is a mild chance that the hoof gets detached from the foot.

Navicular Horse Disease

The navicular bone of the horse sometimes becomes inflamed. This is caused by genetics, poor horseshoe selection, excessive body weight or forcing the horse to work excessively on a hill that is sloping up. The horse will walk on the toes of his hooves and will often stumble. This disease is prevented by trimming the hoof and by exercising the horse frequently. This disease is treated by removing the horseshoe temporarily in order to improve circulation and by administering a variety of medications like vasodilators, anticoagulants, anti-inflammatory drugs and bisphosphonates.

Indigestion or Gastro-intestinal Catarrh

The mucous-membrane lining of the digestive system of the horse hemorrhages and becomes swollen. This leads to ulcers and erosion in the digestive system. Like people, the stomachs of different horses are irritated by certain foods. The symptoms if this is a refusal to eat, weight loss, irregular stools and the consumption of foods that the horse shouldn't be eating like wood and the horse's feces.

Diseases of the Bones

Periostitis and ostitis are usually diseases that occur together. Periostitis is an inflammation of the connective tissue around the bones of the horse. Ostitis is when excessive blood flows to the inflamed area. This leads to excess tissue forming in the inflamed area over the long term. This inflammation is usually caused by injury or infection caused by a flesh wound. In mild cases, the inflammation runs its course. But in severe cases, anti-inflammatory medication might be needed.

Anasarca or Purpura Hemorrhagica

These diseases are caused by influenza. This leads to sores and swelling on the horse's body. The parts of the body usually affected are the legs, the under belly and the side of the head. There are also usually sores on the horse's tongue. The horse can also develop a fever. These diseases are cured through rest.

Rabies

Horses can get rabies like other animals. This disease is transmitted through fluids. The primary fluid it is transferred through is saliva. The place where the horse was bit begins to itch. The horse then becomes more easily irritable. The horse might hallucinate and will likely become violent. The horse is likely to bite himself and might injure himself to an extent that might prematurely end his life. Paralysis eventually occurs.

Horse Colic

Horse colic is an umbrella term for deadly diseases of the abdomen that the horse can get. These diseases are all painful for the horse. The horse will often jerk around and twist his body in different ways in order to relieve the pain. The pain is not constant. During horse colic, the horse will often sweat profusely.

Tags: horse will, that horse, This disease, This leads, will often, brittle hoof, digestive system

Repel Ticks In The Woods

Summer is tick season. These nasty little insects are notorious for transmitting illnesses such as Lyme disease and Rocky Mountain spotted fever to humans. Ticks make their home in the woods, so if you plan on spending time in wooded areas, you will need to take steps to repel ticks away from your body. Always cover your body with the proper clothing and insect repellent. They are simple preventative techniques but in the long run, they can save you from serious illness.

Instructions

Fighting off ticks

1. Wear light colored clothing so you can see ticks easier. Be sure to wear long-sleeved shirts and long pants. Tuck your shirt into your pants and your pants into your socks. Wear shoes or boots that are enclosed -- no flip flops or sandals of any kind while hiking in the woods. Also, wear a hat or scarf around your head to cover your neck and scalp from falling ticks.

2. Spray yourself or your clothing with insect repellent. If you can find repellent specifically designed for ticks, that is all the better. Repellents that contain DEET are recommended by medical professionals. Some DEET repellents can be sprayed directly on the skin, but check the label. Some are for spraying clothing only, and some DEET repellents can not be used on children. Follow directions on the bottle. As you are making your way through the woods, respray yourself frequently. Don't forget to spray your shoes as well.

3. Avoid walking in densely forested areas. Stick to marked trails that aren't overgrown with brush. Don't walk against tall grasses or shrubs. Ticks can't fly, so they live in low-lying brush and jump onto hosts as they walk by. Make sure you stay in clearer areas when you are in the woods. Ticks can also fall from higher areas, so be sure to wear a hat.

4. Check your body frequently for ticks as you spend time in woods. Ask a friend to do a surface search and then use your hands to feel around your body. If you find a tick, remove it promptly.

Tags: your body, around your, cover your, DEET repellents, insect repellent

Refill Thermacell Cartridges

ThermaCell cartridges are filled with butane. They are mainly used as a heat source for items such as cordless hair straighteners, curling irons and insect repellent devices. ThermaCell cartridges can be refilled or replaced by the manufacturer, and it is possible to refill them yourself.

Instructions

1. Take the empty cartridge, firmly twist the brass valve with the pliers. Carefully pull the valve out of the cartridge.

2. Find the check valve, which should should be on the inside wall of the cartridge. Use the hole that was made by the removal of the brass valve to find the check valve. Place the cartridge on a flat surface, take the drill and carefully pierce the cartridge, drill deep enough to disengage the valve.

3. Use the pliers to place the brass valve back into the cartridge. Twist the valve to make sure it is firmly in place.

4. Push the butane cylinder tube into the brass valve. Make sure the cylinder tube is pointing downward. Push the tube to start filling the cartridge. Allow the cartridge to fill three-quarters of the way and stop. The cartridges should now be safe to starting using.

Tags: brass valve, check valve, cylinder tube

The Effects Of Roach & Flea Raid Spray On Humans

Raid spray can kill a variety of pests including fleas and cockroaches while preventing the occurrence of more. What has the power to kill insects can also negatively affect your health, though. You can suffer effects from mild irritation to severe illness if you mishandle your Raid products. You should always use caution when using harmful pesticides.

Skin Irritation

Direct exposure to the Raid brands of roach and flea repellents can cause mild skin irritation. There may also be a mild reaction if an allergic person encounters an item with a recent coating of insect repellent. Avoid touching freshly sprayed areas with bare skin. If irritation occurs, wash the affected skin as soon as possible. Wash regularly until the rash fades. If the rash persists, schedule a visit with your doctor to find the root cause of the irritation and nullify it.

Eye Irritation

Mild eye irritation can occur when you use both Raid's roach and flea killer. As you apply the spray, particles can swirl in the air and land on your eyes. Your eyes can end up looking red and puffy. Excessive watering and itchiness are also signs that some chemicals flew into your eyes. Flush your eyes with saline eye drops if irritation occurs. Refrain from rubbing your eyes until you have a chance to wash your hands after handling the spray bottles.

Respiratory Trouble

Raid roach spray can have detrimental effects on your respiratory health of you accidentally inhale it. The effects could be as simple as a painful repeated cough or you can suffer mild poisoning that requires medical attention. Do not put your hands anywhere near your mouth or nose until you wash the residue off them. It is wise to avoid using the roach spray at all if you have chronic respiratory problems such as asthma.

Safety Precautions

It is important to practice safety before, during and after the use of both Raid roach and flea spray. To prevent the worst of the irritation, you should put on a pair of gloves, goggles and a mask before you attempt to use the poison. Remove all food products and dishes from the area you treat or the spray may contaminate them. Spray the can directly at the affected area to apply it. Lock the spray bottles in a child safe cabinet at room temperature after you finish applying the spray to the affected area.

Tags: Raid roach, your eyes, affected area, both Raid, both Raid roach

Citronella Plant Uses

Citronella oil is a common ingredient in insect-repellent candles.

Citronella is a tall tropical grass closely related to lemongrass. It's notable for its citrusy scent and insect-repellent oil. Unlike lemongrass, citronella grass is inedible and has an unpleasant taste. Originally from Asia, this grass has become invasive in other hospitable climates, and should be grown only with care. The citronella plant and its oil work well in a number of uses around the home. Does this Spark an idea?

Topical Insect Repellent

While citronella grass does not act as an insect repellent in the pot, its crushed leaves or oil from those leaves work well to discourage mosquitoes and other small flying insects. Iowa State University recommends applying the oil directly to the skin or clothing, but notes that some people may be allergic to this plant. Test for an allergy to the citronella oil by applying it to the inner forearm a day or so before using it as a topical repellent.

Head Lice

According to the National Institutes of Health, extracts of the citronella plant are also effective against head lice. In a double blind clinical study using citronella oil and a placebo, children treated with citronella had a significantly lower chance of louse infestation and of reinfestation later. Rubbing citronella oil or crushed leaves on the hair or on the fur of a pet can help reduce the chance of lice coming from an infested person or animal.

Anti-Barking

Citronella can also be used in automatic anti-barking collars to discourage noisy dogs, according to the Cornell Chronicle. In a study using shock collars and collars which automatically sprayed the dog with citronella when noise was detected, citronella was more effective. The unfamiliar smell seems to be less tolerable than a shock, and stops barking faster. It also offers the pleasant side effect of reducing skin and fur odor in dogs.

Aromatherapy Scents

While citronella is best known for its insect-repellent properties, it can also be used in aromatherapy to eliminate fatigue, alleviate headaches and improve energy levels. Both the essential oil and the crushed leaves are effective, though the pure oil is a little stronger. According to the Essential Oil Database, good quality citronella has a distinct "grassy" scent with hints of lemon or citrus.

Tags: crushed leaves, also used, citronella grass, citronella plant, study using, While citronella, with citronella

About Type 1 Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever

Dengue fever is a viral disease that affects people in the tropics and certain regions of Africa. Related to malaria, it is caused by four different version of the flavivirus, and is also known as "breakbone fever."

History

A pandemic of dengue fever broke out in the 1950s in North America, Africa and Asia. Since the 1990s, Dengue has become the second most important mosquito-borne disease, after malaria. All four types of dengue fever produce the same symptoms, though there is no cross-immunity among the types.

Time Frame

Outbreaks of dengue fever in an affected area tend to occur every 5 to 6 months. This is a result of certain seasonal factors, combined with with temporary immunity across all strains from certain infected people. When this immunity declines, all of the people in the at-risk area are vulnerable and the next wave of the pandemic is imminent.

Effects

The most common symptoms of all four types of dengue fever are headache, muscle and joint pain, fever and rash. The rash tends to be bright red, and appears on the chest and lower limbs, though it will ultimately spread. There may also be an infection of the digestive system, leading to nausea, diarrhea and other digestive symptoms.

Features

A diagnosis of dengue hemorrhagic fever involves four types of symptoms. The first is a mixture of fever, bladder trouble and loss of appetite. The second is a tendency toward hemorrhage, including easy bruising, bloody diarrhea or a tendency to bruise due to a tourniquet. A decrease in platelets is the third criterion. Finally, evidence of leakage of plasma is essential to a dengue-fever diagnosis.

Prevention/Solution

The most important part of therapy is to counter or avoid shock. Vital signs should be carefully taken between Days 2 and 7, as this period is critical for survival. Increased fluids should be administered to avoid dehydration; intravenous fluids should also be administered if the dehydration looks significant. In the event of a severe drop in platelets or a large amount of bleeding, a platelet transfusion is advisable.

Tags: dengue fever, four types, fluids should, four types dengue, most important

Thermistor Problems

A dirty thermistor can can cause a vehicle's air-conditioning system to malfunction.

A thermistor is a resistor device composed of semiconductors which have a resistance that varies as a function of temperature. Thermistors can develop problems that negatively impact their function. Does this Spark an idea?

Undercooling

Faulty thermistor readings in an air-conditioning system can lead to less or no cooled air being released, which can result from dirty wire connectors in the thermistor. In the case of a thermistor with dirty connections, "toggling" the thermistor, or physically shifting its position slightly, may temporarily relieve the problem. Applying a shot of electrical contact cleaner to the thermistor's contacts typically offers a more permanent fix.

Overcooling

A faulty thermistor can generate a higher resistance level than needed and can communicate false temperature changes to a circuit board, which in turn can result in overcooling. A thermistor can be checked for faulty readings via an ohmmeter, which can be hooked up to the thermistor's leads to check the resistance reading.

Errors

Thermistor errors can cause temperature-dependent devices, such as dryers, to malfunction not function at all. Thermistor errors can occur due to an electrical overload, which can burn out the contacts. Under such circumstances, replacing the thermistor can correct the issue.

Tags: air-conditioning system, Thermistor errors

Kill Indoor Mosquitoes

Mosquitoes are attracted to warm, moist environments such as those found near plants.

Mosquitoes have the potential to transmit deadly infectious diseases to humans. Although places with warmer climates, such as Africa, are at a higher risk for mosquito-transmitted infections, the potential for such problems exist in America as well. Southern states in America are at a higher risk than other areas within the country. You may eliminate mosquitoes from their home by killing them with insecticides and taking extra precaution to block entrances in which mosquitoes can enter the house. Does this Spark an idea?

Instructions

1. Choose an insecticide that will kill the mosquitoes in your home. Look for insecticides that contain malathion or permethrin; two of the most popular and proven ingredients that kill mosquitoes. Both of these ingredients invade and damage the central nervous systems of mosquitoes and will kill them within hours.

2. Apply the insecticide on areas where mosquitoes are seen most often. Because these insecticides are in a spray bottle, you may also spray the mixture directly on the mosquitoes. Treat areas that mosquitoes seem to linger around or come into the house the most often.

3. Prevent new mosquitoes from coming into your house by keeping entrances for pests blocked. Close windows that are often kept open and seal cracks in doors that lead to the front and back yard. Mosquitoes lay eggs on still water. Keep mosquitoes from breeding near the house by emptying any still, unused water from items in the yard. Cover swimming pools with tarps.

Tags: mosquitoes from, higher risk, kill mosquitoes, most often, will kill

Alternative Uses For Vicks Vaporub

There are only two authorized ways to Vicks VapoRub. The first is for coughing and congestion where it is applied to the chest and neck area, and the second is for minor muscular aches and pains where it is applied topically to the area affected. However, people use Vicks VapoRub for a variety of reasons, some of which can be dangerous, and are not recommended.

Toenail Fungus

While Proctor and Gamble, the company that makes Vicks VapoRub has not done any of their own testing to determine if this product will cure toenail fungus, many ascertain that it does. The idea of using Vicks VapoRub as a toenail fungus cure has been around for a few years as a home remedy. Since many of the drugs used to cure toenail fungus can cause damage to the liver, it is not surprising that there are those who would try Vicks VapoRub. If a person wanted to try Vicks VapoRub to kill their toenail fungus he should apply the ointment several times a day to the clean surface of the affected toenail. Depending on the severity of the fungal infection, it can take anywhere from weeks to months to kill it, and have a new healthy toenail begin growing.

There are two dangers associated with using Vicks VapoRub in this fashion. The first is that the toe fungus may get worse while a person tries a home remedy, and a person would have to consult a physician and use conventional treatments which will now take even longer to heal the affected toe nail. The second is that if there is any opening, no matter how small, in the skin around the affected toenail, a person could accidentally poison themselves by allowing the camphor in the Vicks VapoRub to enter the bloodstream. Camphor is poisonous to humans.

Humidifier

Another way that Vicks VapoRub is used is in humidifiers and vaporizers that are specially made to use Vicks VapoRub or other similar aromatherapy products. Putting Vicks VapoRub in the aromatherapy compartment of a vaporizer or humidifier warms the ingredients and makes them airborne where the sick person can inhale them. There is no danger associated with using Vicks VapoRub in this manner.

Repels Mosquitoes

Another way that Vicks VapoRub can be used is to repel mosquitoes. The reason that Vicks VapoRub works for this is that it contains cedar leaf oil which is a natural insect repellent. Just dab a bit on the ankles, inner elbows, inner wrists, and neck and this will help to keep the mosquitoes from biting. If a person forgot to put the Vicks VapoRub on before going outside, he could still put them on any resulting mosquito bites. The menthol and camphor increase blood circulation and this breaks up the anti-clotting agent that the mosquito injected when it bit a person. This in turn stops the itching. There is a danger to using Vicks VapoRub in this fashion if you put it on a mosquito bite because this could allow the Vicks VapoRub to enter the bloodstream. Vicks VapoRub is not to be taken internally, and this includes through an open wound no matter how small because the camphor is toxic to humans if taken internally. Because of this it is best to only use Vicks VapoRub as an insect repellant before a person goes out, not after a person has already been bitten.

Warnings

Vicks VapoRub has camphor in it, and camphor when taken internally is toxic to humans. This means that a person should not put Vicks VapoRub on hemorrhoids, under the nose, in the nose, in the mouth, or in or near the eyes, as this could cause the body to take camphor in internally, and thus result in camphor poisoning.

Tags: Vicks VapoRub, Vicks VapoRub, using Vicks, using Vicks VapoRub, taken internally

Kill Ants Without Sprays

Ants can be a problem both in and out of your home. They can ruin patches of your yard, contaminate food that has been left open in your house and simply gross you out. Spray pesticides filled with chemicals will kill the ants but they can also ruin property and make you or your pets sick. Fortunately, there are household remedies available that will allow you to kill ants safely both inside and outside of your house. Does this Spark an idea?

Instructions

Outdoors

1. Add approximately three gallons of water to a pot and boil the water. If you don't want to measure out the water, you could just fill the pot about an inch below the top of the pot.

2. Take the pot of boiling water to wherever the ants are on your property.

3. Pour the boiling water onto the ants. Make sure to soak the entire area of your yard that is filled with ants.

4. Examine the area to ensure that all of the ants have been killed. If you still see ants, you will need to repeat this process to kill all of the ants.

Indoors

5. Locate where the ants are entering your house. Common spots are open areas near doors and windows.

6. Suck up all visible ants you see with a vacuum cleaner.

7. Spray white vinegar wherever the ants entered your home as well as any areas that were filled with ants. This will clean away the chemical trails of the ants and help to prevent ants from re-entering your home.

8. Close up the space where the ants entered your home. Depending on the location and size of the area, you could use caulk or even tape to close off the area.

9. Place ant traps filled with bait near the spot where the ants entered the house. If any ants do remain, they will take this bait back to the colony, thus killing off the rest of the ants.

Tags: filled with, your home, ants entered, where ants, your house, ants entered your, boiling water

Make Your Own Cistern

Use food-grade plastic barrels to collect rainwater.

The word cistern derives from the Latin word "cisterna," meaning an underground reservoir for water, but it is often used today to refer to a storage vessel that collects and stores rainwater. Although large underground systems are available, they can be costly and require professional installation. Making a simple cistern, or rain barrel, to collect rainwater to use for gardening or other household tasks can provide you with an effective solution on a smaller scale. Does this Spark an idea?

Instructions

1. Purchase a 55-gallon drum or rain barrel. You can often find 55-gallon plastic drums at feed stores or farms that use molasses in their feed, or at large restaurant chains for a minimal fee. If possible, choose a food-grade barrel, particularly if you intend to use rainwater to water vegetables.

2. Place the barrel under the downspout from the gutters on your home to allow runoff to fill the barrel naturally. One thousand square feet of roof area collects 600 gallons of rainwater from 1 inch of rain, according to the Falls Church City Environment Web. One barrel fills quickly with summer rain and provides enough water for a small garden.

3. Cover the barrel in dry, clear weather to prevent insects from infesting the water. Mosquitoes use standing water as a breeding ground. Remove the cover when rain is predicted so you can keep your barrel filled.

4. Access the water with a bucket or sprinkling can from the top of the barrel. Some commercial barrels include a spout at the bottom of the barrel for ease of use, but this is not necessary. Dipping water from the top of the barrel, as needed, works well and eliminates the need for a spout.

5. Use water from the barrel to water your garden or wash the car. Because it is unfiltered, rainwater is not recommended for cooking or drinking.

Tags: from barrel, collect rainwater, rain barrel, water from, water from barrel

About Travel Risks & Dengue Fever

About Travel Risks & Dengue Fever

Dengue fever is the most common arbovirus infection worldwide, affecting up to 100 million people annually. Travelers to dengue endemic regions import 100 to 200 cases of dengue fever into the United States each year. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention states that dengue fever incidence in tourists may be as high as 1 infection per every 1000 travelers to high risk countries.

Geography

Dengue virus is endemic to Southeast Asia, Africa, Central and South America, India, the Middle East, Caribbean and tropical Pacific islands. Dengue genotypes circulating in Southeast Asia, Central and South America, and the South Pacific may carry a higher risk of dengue hemorrhagic fever. Many countries in these regions suffer from dengue fever epidemics every three to five years.

Types

Four distinct viral serotypes (DEN-1, DEN-2, DEN-3 and DEN-4) cause dengue fever. Aedes aegypti mosquitoes transmit the dengue flavivirus. Aedes albopictus is occasionally implicated in Western hemisphere transmission, including the 2001 dengue outbreak in Hawaii.

Dengue virus causes four distinct medical conditions: nonspecific febrile illness, dengue fever (DF), dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) and dengue shock syndrome (DSS). About 1% of dengue fever cases progress to the more severe hemorrhagic form. Dengue hemorrhagic fever has a 5% fatality rate without proper medical intervention.

Effects

Dengue virus has an incubation period of three to fourteen days from mosquito bite to onset of symptoms. Sick travelers with flu-like symptoms should consider dengue infection if their travel history includes a dengue endemic region within the previous two weeks.

Dengue virus causes fevers as high as 40-41º C (104-105.8º F), influenza-type aches, rash, headache, retro-orbital eye pain, loss of appetite, nausea and abdominal pain. Dengue fever may cause hemorrhagic bleeding of the eyes, gums, gastrointestinal tract, and other organs. Dengue fever rash generally starts on day three and spreads from the torso to extremities. Fever generally resolves after five days, but complete recovery is often slow with weeks of fatigue and depression.

Severe cases require hospitalization, oral and intravenous fluids, and possible blood transfusion. Complications usually arise on days three to five of illness. Increased vascular permeability leading to fluid accumulation in the abdomen and chest cavity characterizes dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF). Potentially fatal circulatory decompensation occurs in dengue shock syndrome (DSS) cases.

Prevention/Solution

There are no commercially available vaccines for dengue virus. Potential vaccines are in field-testing, but will not be economical options anytime in the near future. There are no dengue specific medical treatments; care is limited to hydration and pain management. Therefore, avoiding infection should be a traveler's primary concern.

Travelers should investigate recent dengue activity in the regions they intend to visit. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and World Health Organization websites both offer country specific health advisories. Dengue virus transmission is highest during rainy seasons. Time your trip accordingly to minimize risk.

Travelers to dengue fever endemic regions should apply DEET mosquito products daily to clothing and exposed skin. Use repellents with more than 50% DEET concentration; apply after sunscreen. Long sleeve shirts and pants are preferable to shorts and tank tops. Aedes aegypti mosquitoes, primary carriers of dengue, feed during the morning and early evening hours. Mosquitoes may bite any time of day in air-conditioned or shady areas.

Although A. aegypti mosquitoes are day feeders, consider sleeping under a bed net treated with mosquito repellent. Tuck the net under the mattress to prevent entry. Mosquito netting is also a preferred method for protecting very young infants in carriers. Babies over two months old can use DEET mosquito repellent.

CDC mentions anecdotal outbreak evidence that travelers staying in air conditioned hotels with properly maintained grounds are at less risk of dengue fever infection than travelers staying in homes of friends and family in endemic regions.

Warning

When traveling in an area of dengue fever activity, do not take aspirin or NSAIDs (nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) like ibuprofen if you experience flu-like symptoms, rash, abdominal pain, or headache. Aspirin aggravates the hemorrhagic aspects of dengue fever. There is also a risk of Reyes Syndrome. Only use acetaminophen for pain relief.

Misconceptions

Travelers are not at high risk for severe forms of dengue fever. Prior dengue infection places a patient at higher risk of dengue hemorrhagic fever. Therefore, travelers with no prior dengue infection history are less likely to develop severe forms of the disease than natives from an endemic region.

Most people due not suffer severe illness from dengue virus infection. More than 80% of dengue cases are asymptomatic or mild.

Tags: hemorrhagic fever, dengue fever, dengue hemorrhagic, aegypti mosquitoes, dengue fever, dengue hemorrhagic fever, dengue infection

Keep Bugs Away From Outdoor Light

One of the worst things about sitting outside in the evening is having to deal with bugs swarming around lights. There are a few theories about why bugs fly into lights, including navigation confusion. The bugs want to follow the brightest light in the sky, which used to be the moon, but they become disoriented by modern lights. While no one knows the exact reason insects are attracted to lights, it poses an annoying and persistent problem. Rather than keeping the lights off outside at night, there are a few ways to lessen this problem. You can make the lights less appealing and those pesky bugs will go elsewhere. Does this Spark an idea?

Instructions

1. Use yellow bug lights for your porch, deck and balcony. Unlike normal light bulbs where bugs are drawn to blue or ultraviolet light, they cannot see yellow light as well and are not attracted to the color. While these lights don't repel the insects, since they cannot see the yellow, they are less likely to gather.

2. Light citronella candles near the light source. Mosquitoes reportedly dislike the smell of citronella and may buzz away.

3. If bugs are gathering under outdoor porch lights, consider painting the porch ceiling a light blue. Often done in the South Carolina Low Country, one theory is that the color is helps keep bees, wasps and other flying insects away.

4. Install ceiling fans on your porch or balcony and sit beneath them. An oscillating fan plugged in an outdoor space is also a deterrent to flying bugs.

Tags: cannot yellow, they cannot, they cannot yellow, your porch

The Mosquito Repellent Picaridin

Picaridin is endorsed by the CDC as an alternative to DEET mosquito repellents.

There are many choices for mosquito repellents, and some are more effective than others. Picaridin is an active ingredient in mosquito repellent products approved by the Centers for Disease Control. Does this Spark an idea?

Description

Picardin's chemical name is 2-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1-piperidinecarboxylic acid 1-methylpropyl ester. In lay terms, however, it is a colorless, almost odorless liquid added to products at certain concentrations to make them effective mosquito repellents, according to the University of Wisconsin's Integrated Mosquito Management program.

Picaridin and the CDC

Picaridin is one of the few products to make it on the CDC's list of approved mosquito repellents. Picaridin is a recommended alternative to DEET and, like DEET, considered a "conventional repellent," as opposed to a "biopesticide repellent." Picaridin, DEET and the biopesticide repellents, oil of lemon eucalyptus, PMD and IR3535, are all considered effective.

Picaridin vs. DEET

The University of Wisconsin's Integrated Mosquito Management program states picaridin is just as effective, or nearly as effective, as DEET when used in concentrations of 20 percent. Concentrations between 10 and 20 percent still provide good protection, but lower concentrations need further testing to determine efficacy.

Tags: mosquito repellents, Wisconsin Integrated Mosquito, alternative DEET, Integrated Mosquito, Integrated Mosquito Management, Management program, Mosquito Management

Does Mint Repel Mice

Does Mint Repel Mice?

No one wants mice in or around their home. Mice are a creature that can get into all types of foodstuffs and cause damage to property by gnawing through paper, screens and other objects. But worst of all, they can carry and spread diseases. If you're concerned about using traps or poisons around your home because of their possible danger to children and pets, consider some natural remedies. Herbs, such as peppermint, can be effective in repelling mice and other rodents. Does this Spark an idea?

Identification

The house mouse, or Mus musculus, lives all over the world. An adult mouse grows to only 3 or 4 inches in length, not including its tail. They have large ears and small black eyes. They are active mostly at night, when they scavenge for food---they will eat almost anything. If you suspect mice, look for their droppings. Small, dark pellets inside cupboards that contain cereal, pasta and rice are a sure indication that mice are present. You might also find a nest: if you do, wear gloves before you move it outdoors.

Cleaning and Prevention

Keeping your living quarters cleaned up and free from loose crumbs and other small pieces of food is important in discouraging mice. Tackle the problem now and do not wait: mice reproduce quickly---in a short time you could have a large population that will be more difficult to control. Mice gain entry through small openings, so search for these and mend screens, plug holes, install door sweeps and keep garbage cans well away from your home. Also, remove pet food bowls after mealtime.

Peppermint

Natural pest controls such as peppermint can be effective in keeping mice away. Although it does not kill mice, peppermint is highly aromatic and mice stay away from it. To use peppermint essential oil, put several drops on rags or cotton balls and then place them in areas where you have seen or suspect mice, such as cupboards, drawers, boxes and attics. The peppermint scent will dissipate in a few days, so continue applying it frequently, until all evidence of mice is gone for several weeks.

Repellent Herbs and Plants

Although peppermint is most commonly used to deter mice, try placing sprigs of fresh spearmint, pennyroyal or other members of the mint family in cupboards and drawers. Other herbs and plants also can be effective in deterring mice. Orange peel or orange essential oil, black pepper, cinnamon and cayenne are said to help when you sprinkle them where mice live. If you plant daffodils, wood hyacinth, allium and camphor plants close to your home, their scents also are unpleasant to mice.

Considerations

Environmentally friendly exterminators are on the rise. If your mouse problem is too large for you to handle alone, a company that specializes in pest control without toxic poisons might exist in your city. They use devices like glue traps; they seal holes; and use detergent water, vacuum cleaners and low toxicity products like herbs.

Tags: your home, away from, cupboards drawers, Does Mint, Does Mint Repel, have large, Mint Repel

Pyrethrum Effects

Pyrethrum Effects

Pyrethrum, one of the safest insecticides for food crops, occurs naturally in two varieties of chrysanthemums. The Persian chrysanthemum from the Caucasus region of the Middle East is the least potent. A variety from the Balkans--the Dalmatian chrysanthemum--produces the most pyrethrins, the active poison. Both types of flowers are common ornamentals. The dried and powdered flower heads can be used as a homegrown insecticide, but commercial preparations are more dependable. Does this Spark an idea?

Effects

Pyrethrins are potent toxins that affect the nervous system of soft-bodied insects. As a powder or a spray, the poison is effective on common garden pests such as caterpillars and aphids. Pyrethrin decomposes over time, so for severe infestations, repeated applications are necessary. Pyrethrin is not toxic to mammals or birds, but will affect fish, reptiles and amphibians. Use near waterways is not advised because of the risk to wildlife.

Repellents

In doses too low to kill insects, pyrethrum still has effective repellent properties. The extract was once used as a remedy for lice, and also discourages the female mosquito from biting. Pyrethrum demonstrates this repellent effect even in doses too low to actually kill insects, and is the active ingredient in incense-style mosquito coils. Extracts repel ticks as well.

Companion Planting

The lacy foliage and daisy-like flowers of the Dalmatian and Persian pyrethrums make them popular companion plants in vegetable gardens. The presence of these plants near food crops like brassicas, which are very vulnerable to insect damage, can help prevent infestations. On the perimeter of a garden, a decorative planting of pyrethrum serves as a natural barrier to soft-bodied insect pests.

Home-Grown Pesticide

For those seeking an organic alternative to commercial products, the dried flower heads of pyrethrum can be crushed into powder or steeped to create a tea for spraying problem garden areas. Because pyrethrum breaks down quickly, it can be reapplied as needed without fear of producing resistance in the targeted insect species. Commercial products include sticking agents that act to prolong the contact with the pests. Homemade powders and teas are both short-lived and more difficult to apply effectively.

Commercial Products

Pyrethrum combined with piperonyl butoxide is more effective and more potent than the natural product alone. Raid, a well-known household insecticide, is based on that chemical combination. Many common flea and tick treatments for pets contain potent concentrations of pyrethrum, as do treatments for human head lice. Pyrethrum powder is available in bulk for use in gardens. Mosquito foggers are also often based on this natural toxin.

Tags: flower heads, food crops, kill insects, Pyrethrum Effects

Garlic For Pest Control In The Yard

Garlic has many uses in the yard

Garlic can be useful for many plants that might be found in a yard. If used in companion planting, it can ward off diseases that can damage plants and repel numerous insects. Garlic can also be made into a natural pesticide. Does this Spark an idea?

Insect Benefits

Garlic has a reputation for warding off certain pests. Gardeners often plant garlic near roses to deter aphids. It protects tomatoes from spider mites and deters boring insects if the garlic is planted near fruit trees.

Additional Benefits

Garlic naturally accumulates sulphur, a component used successfully to treat numerous fungus diseases. Peach trees planted near garlic don't get leaf curl and garlic appears to keep apple scab away from apple trees. When plants become diseased, they are more susceptible to attack from other pests. Anything that keeps a plant healthy, therefore, deters further pest problems.

Garlic Spray

An insecticide can be made from 15 cloves of garlic pureed through a blender with a pint of water. This insecticide can be used to treat plants in areas where garlic cannot be grown.

Tags: Benefits Garlic, planted near

Equine Influenza In Horses

Foals and very old horses are most prone to catching equine influenza.

Also called "horse flu," equine influenza by itself is usually not fatal. However, it causes severe secondary symptoms like bacterial rhinitis, which can kill the horse, according to the "Horse Owner's Veterinary Handbook."

Types

There are five types of equine influenza viruses, known as Types A, B, C, Thogoto and Isa. The most common is type A.

Prevention

There is a vaccination for equine influenza type A. The vaccines available in the United States are a killed virus, while in Europe a modified live virus is available.

Symptoms

The most common symptom is a dry cough that after a couple of days begins to bring up mucus. Other common symptoms include high fever, runny nose and eyes, loss of interest in food and lack of energy.

Significance

Equine influenza is highly contagious to other horses, ponies, mules, donkeys and zebras. Any horse with equine influenza needs to be isolated from other animals, especially horses.

Misconception

Although equine influenza is highly contagious, it is not contagious to humans. However, dogs can sometimes get equine influenza.

Tags: equine influenza, equine influenza, highly contagious, influenza highly, influenza highly contagious, most common

Soothe Mosquito Bites

Mosquitoes live and thrive in wet, humid areas.

Mosquitoes thrive in wet areas and feed on the blood of those they bite. When a mosquito inserts its stinger-like mouth part into your skin, it injects enzyme-filled saliva as it draws out blood. This causes the itching that's known to accompany mosquito bites. To effectively find relief from mosquito bites, you can soothe them with a combination of home and commercial remedies. Treat mosquito bites as soon as possible to prevent itching that results in red, irritated and broken skin.

Instructions

1. Washing the skin helps to remove itch-causing saliva.

Wash the skin with mosquito bites using soap and warm water. Clean the skin gently to avoid further irritation. Pat dry the skin with a clean, soft towel.

2. Ice helps relieve swelling and itchiness.

Place three or four ice cubes in the center of a clean washcloth. Hold the cloth on the affected skin for 10 minutes at a time to relieve itching. Remove the ice cubes from the skin for several minutes then reapply the ice pack, as needed, to continue soothing the skin.

3. Dab antihistamine cream into the mosquito bites to provide relief from itching and swelling. As an alternative method to over-the-counter anti-itch creams, you can apply a paste made of equal parts baking soda and water to the mosquito bites. Allow the paste to dry on your skin to reduce itching and soothe the skin.

Tags: mosquito bites, itching that, relief from, skin with, your skin

Brewer'S Yeast As Bug Repellent

Feeding your dog brewer's yeast may keep fleas at bay.

The good news about brewer's yeast is that it's an excellent source of B vitamins with little or no toxicity. While it's not exactly bad news, the effectiveness of brewer's yeast's as a bug repellent is based more on anecdotal than scientific evidence. Since it has other benefits, taking brewer's yeast or adding it to a pet's food for flea control can't hurt, but don't count on it as the only bug repellent to use. Does this Spark an idea?

Brewer's Yeast

Brewer's yeast gets its common name from its use in beer-making. Saccharomyces cerevisiae is a single-cell fungus, which can also be grown for use in nutritional supplements. Brewer's yeast contains the B-complex vitamins, protein, selenium and chromium. The B-complex vitamins include thiamine, riboflavin, niacin, pantothenic acid, pyridoxine, biotin and folic acid -- specifically vitamins B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, B7 and B9. It does not contain vitamin B12. While brewer's yeast naturally has a bitter taste, debittered varieties are available for nutritional use.

Safety and Precautions

Brewer's yeast is generally very safe, with some individuals reporting mild bouts of flatulence. People allergic to yeast should not take brewer's yeast. Those taking monoamine oxidase inhibitors should avoid brewer's yeast, as it contains tyramine, which when interacting with MAOIs may cause a rapid rise in blood pressure. Used to treat depression, MAOIs include the brand names Nardil, Parnate, Ensam, Eldepryl and Marplan. Patients taking Demerol for pain relief should avoid brewer's yeast for the same reason.

Mosquito Repellent

Vitamin B1, contained in brewer's yeast, as well as brewer's yeast itself is reputed to act as a mosquito repellent when taken internally. Over-the-counter nutritional supplements, many also containing garlic, are marketed for this purpose. According to North Carolina State University, some manufacturers of these tablets make claims that taking one tablet will protect a person from mosquitoes for up to 24 hours. However, NCSU states that scientific studies do not corroborate these claims for repelling mosquitoes or any other type of biting insect.

Other Uses

Even if its reputation as a bug repellent doesn't stand up to scientific scrutiny, brewer's yeast has many other benefits. These include aiding skin ailments such as acne, weight loss, fatigue, constipation and nervousness. Due to its chromium content, it may help diabetics manage their symptoms. Often given to pets for flea control, it improves skin and coat quality whether or not it keeps the little pests off Fido.

Tags: brewer yeast, brewer yeast, brewer yeast, avoid brewer, avoid brewer yeast

Cover Mosquito Bites

Cover vulnerable areas, like your face, to prevent future mosquito bites.

Mosquito bites are itchy and annoying. In certain tropical regions of the world, mosquitoes can also transmit diseases like malaria and dengue fever. West Nile Virus does exist among Northeastern American mosquitoes, but typically, itching and a red bump are the most common side effects. Female mosquitoes inject a special blood-thinning agent into your skin that makes your blood easier to suck. This saliva-based chemical also causes the irritation and itching associated with a mosquito sting.

Instructions

1. Wash the mosquito bite with cool water and soap. This removes any leftover blood or dirt on the surface of your skin.

2. Pat the affected skin dry with a clean paper towel. Calamine lotion spreads easier on dry skin.

3. Pour a pea-sized amount of calamine lotion onto a cotton ball. Dab the cotton ball over your mosquito bite. The lotion reduces itching and provides your skin with a cooling sensation. Cover only the immediate area with lotion so your skin sticks to the adhesive bandage.

4. Cover your bite with an adhesive bandage. Repeat steps one through four each morning and night or more frequently if the bandage becomes wet or dirty. Continue covering the skin until the redness is gone and the bite no longer itches.

Tags: your skin, adhesive bandage, bite with, cotton ball, mosquito bite

About Sand Flea Bites

About Sand Flea Bites

Sand fleas, also known as sand flies, no-see-ums or Ceratopogonidae, are very small, usually bloodsucking, flies that inhabit beaches and other areas with large bodies of water. Sand fleas are nearly impossible to see, but their bites rival those of a large mosquito. Sand flea bites are extremely itchy and can be treated with an antihistamine lotion or pill, like Benadryl. The more you scratch sand flea bites, the more swollen the bite will become.

Geography

Sand fleas usually breed in damp areas close to a large water source. Sand fleas are popular on some beaches in the United States, including beaches in Florida and California. You are unlikely to find sand fleas that bite away from the beach, but you may find other species of sand fleas near lakes, rivers, or other large bodies of water. Sand fleas are difficult to see because they are whitish or translucent in color, incredibly small and bury themselves in the sand.

Time Frame

If you are planning a trip to the beach for more than a few days, you may encounter sand fleas. Pack bug spray with you when you go to the beach, and try to remain as clothed as possible until you know whether sand fleas are abundant in the area. You may want to keep the windows in your hotel or house closed until you find out about the possibility of sand fleas. After being bitten, sand flea bites will itch and swell for two weeks, at the most.

Solution

Sand fleas are so small, they can enter your home through the tiny holes in your screen doors and windows. If you have been camping, you have seen the small mesh that lines the windows and doors of the tent to prevent insects from entering. These mesh nets are often called no-see-um nets. You can purchase this netting by the yard at a fabric store or at a beach supply store. Line your screen doors and windows with the mesh so the sand fleas do not enter your house through the holes in the screens.

Treatment

If you have been bitten by sand fleas and the bites are irritating you, take an antihistamine pill like Benadryl and cover the individual bites in calamine lotion. If you scratch the sand flea bites, they will get larger, redder, and more irritated. Anti-itch creams and gels can be purchased at the drugstore or grocery store, and can be used as a spot treatment for itchy bites. To avoid getting more bites, wear bug spray when outdoors and avoid opening windows unless the screen is covered with superfine mesh.

Warning

If you have a sand flea bite that is larger than the diameter of a quarter, you may be allergic to sand fleas, or you may have been bitten by something different and more dangerous. See a doctor immediately or go to the emergency room if you are experiencing severe swelling. If you have sand flea bites, there may be an infestation in your home. Contact an exterminator for help. While you are waiting you can spray bug spray on the furniture for a quick fix.

Tags: flea bites, have been, Sand fleas, your screen doors, About Sand, About Sand Flea

Turn An Interior Wall Into A Magnetic Chalkboard

A magnetic chalkboard is a great way to share notes with the family or enhance a playroom.

A magnetic chalkboard is a great addition to a child's bedroom, playroom or even in a high-traffic area to leave notes for a busy family. Rather than purchase one of generic size, you can create your own on any existing wall or surface area. You can even add your own designs and flourishes to make it as individual as your family. This task is really no more difficult than painting a wall. Does this Spark an idea?

Instructions

1. Ensure that the wall area is clean and smooth prior to paint application.

Prepare the surface area by removing any loose paint and debris and then cleaning with TSP. Scrub the area thoroughly and wipe it down with a clean, dry towel. If the wall is damaged or has any pin or nail holes, patch the area with wallboard joint compound, allow it to dry and then sand with a fine-grit sanding sponge. The wall should be smooth, clean and dry before painting.

2. Use painter's tape to outline your project area.

Tape off the boundaries of your magnetic chalkboard with wide (at least 2-inch) blue painter's tape. You can create decorative edges by using small pieces of tape to make angles or curves, or simply tape off a square or rectangular area. Tape the edge of a plastic drop cloth to the base trim beneath your project area and spread it out to cover the floor.

3. Stir the paint thoroughly to ensure magnetic attraction.

Stir and then apply the magnetic primer. To make sure that the primer has a strong magnetic attraction, it helps to have the clerk at the paint store shake the can prior to taking it home. Stir the paint thoroughly and pour it into the paint tray. Use a foam roller to apply a thin coat of magnetic primer to your wall area. Use an up-and-down motion to spread the primer over the entire area. Go back over it to ensure a smooth finish. To ensure a stronger magnetic attraction, make the area as smooth as possible. Apply a second coat after 30 minutes. For best results, apply a third coat, then wait four hours before applying the top coat.

4. Black is the most common chalkboard color, but other colors are available.

Apply the chalkboard paint with a 4-inch foam roller over the dry magnetic primer. Use the same up-and-down motion that was used with the primer and back-roll to make sure the finish is as smooth as possible. Chalkboard paint is available in many colors, so the number of coats necessary to bring out the color may vary. The more coats you paint, the more your magnetic primer will lose attraction. For most colors, a two-coat application will suffice. For the top-coat application, you will need to wait four hours between coats and at least 72 hours before applying chalk or magnets.

5. Remove the painter's tape and drop cloth. The top coat should be dry to the touch after 30 minutes, at which point there will be no more running or bleeding of the paint. Clean your brushes and rollers with xylene for the magnetic primer and plain soap and water for the chalkboard top coat.

Tags: magnetic primer, magnetic attraction, magnetic chalkboard, painter tape, after minutes, application will

Make Your Own Bug Spray

Using natural bug sprays is safer for the whole family

Summer's warm, adventurous tone is often dulled by the onslaught of bugs. From mosquitoes to ticks to wasps and fleas, dealing with bug bites, or the toxic mess required to prevent them, sucks some of the enjoyment out of summer. You can make your own bug sprays at home, where you have complete control over the ingredients that will cover your skin of that of your kids. Does this Spark an idea?

Instructions

1. Use essential oils to create a natural bug repellent that smells good. Put 4 oz. of organic frankincense hydrosol in your spray bottle and then combine eight drops each of cedar wood and patchouli oil, along with three drops of juniper berry and five drops of spikenard oil. Seal the spray bottle and shake gently to mix the ingredients. Spray it on your skin when needed but avoid your eyes and nose. Keep the spray out of the sun or the heat will weaken the ingredients.

2. Make a bug-killing spray by mixing 2 tbsps. of dishwashing liquid with a gallon of warm water. Pour the solution into a spray bottle and cover infested areas with the mist. It is especially effective on insects like mites and aphids. Be sure to keep the solution out of your eyes.

3. Make a flea repellent, which can also be used as a shampoo, by peeling two large lemons (four small ones will work if necessary) and boiling them in a quart of water for 10 minutes. Once the water cools, remove the lemon peels and pour the water into a spray bottle, or wash your dog with it. You can also wash yourself with it if you are being bitten by fleas.

Tags: spray bottle, into spray, into spray bottle, your eyes, your skin

Common Minnesota Mosquito Species

Taxonomists recognize more than 2,500 mosquito species in the world. The state of Minnesota serves as home to more than 50 of those mosquito species, which is likely the reason Minnesotans call the mosquito their unofficial state bird. Many of the mosquitoes are nothing more than nuisances. Some species in Minnesota are carriers of arboviral diseases such as West Nile virus, western equine encephalitis and LaCrosse encephalitis. Mosquitoes are also vectors for heartworm, which infects dogs and cats.

Culex tarsalis

This mosquito species is most responsible for West Nile virus cases diagnosed in Minnesota. It also serves as the vector for western equine encephalitis. Culex tarsalis is found in large numbers in western and central Minnesota. The main source of food for the female is birds. Humans and farm animals serve as secondary sources. August and September are the peak months for transmission of mosquito-borne disease from this species. The female Culex tarsalis mosquito hibernates during Minnesota winters.

Ochlerotatus triseriatus

Ochlerotatus triseriatus is also known as the eastern treehole mosquito. This species resides in forested and shady locations and places where discarded tires, cans and other containers collect water. Ochlerotatus triseriatus, formerly Aedes triseriatus, is the primary vector for LaCrosse encephalitis. The eggs are laid prior to the onset of winter, in locations where water will freeze, and hatch in the spring when the ice thaws.

Aedes vexans

This mosquito species is also called the inland floodwater mosquito. Aedes vexans is rarely a vector of West Nile virus, but the mosquito is best known as a nuisance biter. The female mosquito feeds upon farm animals and people, mostly in the evening hours but also sometimes in shaded spots during the day. During the winter the eggs survive until the spring thaw causes an area to be flooded. Each time the location where the eggs were laid is flooded, more eggs hatch.

Culex restuans

Researchers do not know whether Culex restuans females feed upon humans, but it is known their primary food source is birds. Culex restuans, or the white-spotted mosquito, is found most often in rural settings. During the day the mosquito shelters itself in dark corners. The female mosquito hibernates over winter in dark places such as barns or cellars with temperatures that do not fluctuate.

Culex pipiens

Culex pipiens is a smaller relative to Culex restuans. The female mosquito feeds at night on any animal, bird or human it can find. Because of this, any disease the mosquito is carrying can be hard to control. It is the most abundant mosquito species worldwide.

Tags: mosquito species, Culex restuans, Culex tarsalis, female mosquito, more than, Nile virus, Ochlerotatus triseriatus

Get Rid Of Flies Without Spray Or A Swatter

Running after flies with a fly swatter is not the most efficient solution.

Most people consider houseflies a nuisance. If you don't want to chase down the pesky critters with a fly swatter or use bug spray, other methods are available. Fly traps catch the flies and kill them without a chase. These methods won't release toxins into the air and they provide an easy method for disposing of the flies' bodies. Does this Spark an idea?

Instructions

1. Hang fly paper in areas the insects frequent, such as near trashcans or windows.

2. Place items that attract flies, like food or soiled diapers, in covered trashcans to discourage the flies from staying in the area.

3. Pour 1 cup of sugar water or 1/4 cup of fruit such as apples or bananas into a jar. Using a nail, hammer four to six holes in the lid. Metal lids work best because plastic can shatter when you hammer it. Screw on the lid. Place the jar near the main area the flies frequent. Empty the jar when it is full of dead flies.

Tags: with swatter

About Viral Encephalitis

About Viral Encephalitis

Viral encephalitis is inflammation of the brain caused by a viral infection. In rare cases, it can be severe and potentially life-threatening but it is more typically a fairly mild illness. Because of this, it often goes unrecognized by the patient who may simply think they have a mild case of the flu. Many different viruses can cause encephalitis; the responsible pathogen is often difficult to isolate and identify.

Effects

In mild cases, viral encephalitis causes only minor symptoms. These usually include headache, lethargy and irritability. Sometimes no symptoms are present at all. Typically, a case of mild viral encephalitis lasts for only a few days and the affected person may not realize they are affected. Severe cases of viral encephalitis usually cause a high fever, severe headache, nausea, vomiting and stiff neck. Confusion, drowsiness and personality charges are occasionally present and are particularly concerning symptoms. Infants with viral encephalitis exhibit prolonged, high-pitched crying, a stiff neck and bulging fontanels.

Types

Primary virus encephalitis is a direct infection of the brain and spinal cord. This may occur as an isolated case or may be part of a local outbreak. Secondary viral encephalitis begins as a viral infection that affects other parts of the body, and then spreads to the brain. Secondary encephalitis may occur in patients who are ill with any of a number of different viral illnesses, including herpes, chicken pox, mononucleosis or West Nile disease.

Identification

Several methods are used to diagnose viral encephalitis; the test chosen is often based on the virus suspected to be responsible. A spinal tap may be performed to look for higher-than-normal amounts of white blood cells or blood in the cerebrospinal fluid; DNA testing can also be performed to look for the herpes virus. An abnormal EEG may suggest viral encephalitis, but many other conditions can cause similar results. CT and MRI scans are used to check for swelling of the brain, which is usually present in all forms of encephalitis. West Nile virus, a common cause of viral encephalitis, can be detected with blood tests.

Warning

Because viral encephalitis can become life-threatening rapidly, see your doctor immediately if you experience symptoms of the disease. If symptoms include severe headache, confusion, altered level of consciousness or stiff neck, emergency care may be necessary. Severe cases of encephalitis may lead to coma or death. Survivors sometimes experience brain damage similar to that caused by strokes and head injuries.

Prevention/Solution

Mosquitoes carry many diseases that can lead to viral encephalitis. This includes West Nile disease, St. Louis encephalitis and La Crosse encephalitis. Use an effective insect repellent when mosquitoes are active in your area and avoid going outdoors more than necessary during the early morning and evening hours. Treatment for viral encephalitis is quite difficult; antivirals such as Zovirax and Cytovene are sometimes effective if treatment begins very early in the course of the disease. Symptoms may be improved by using NSAIDs to reduce swelling and control pain; if seizures are present, anticonvulsants are usually administered.

Tags: viral encephalitis, viral encephalitis, stiff neck, viral encephalitis, West Nile, About Viral

Mix Spectracide Concentrated Weed Killer

Spectricide Weed Stop is an herbicide product designed to kill a wide variety of weeds in lawns and gardens. Unlike other Spectricide products, it will not kill the surrounding grass. According to the product page on the manufacturer's website, the Weed Stop product begins to kill off the weeds within eight hours of the initial application. The Spectricide product is sold in a concentrated formula that must be prepared before applying it to weeds. Does this Spark an idea?

Instructions

1. Remove the top from a garden sprayer and fill it with one gallon of plain tap water.

2. Pour the recommended amount of Spectricide solution into the garden sprayer depending on the type of grass that you have. Below are the proper measurements for different types of grass.

St. Augustine grass - use 1 1/2 tbsp.

Bermuda grass - use 2 tbsp.

Bent grass - use 2 tbsp.

Centipede grass - use 2 tbsp.

Kentucky bluegrass - use 4 tbsp.

Fescue - use 4 tbsp.

Perennial rye grass - use 4 tbsp.

Zoysia grass - use 4 tbsp.

Bahia grass - use 4 tbsp.

3. Place the top back onto the garden sprayer and rock it back and forth gently to mix the contents thoroughly. Apply the Spectricide mix to weeds as necessary.

Tags: grass tbsp, garden sprayer, Weed Stop

Help Fight Mosquitoes In My Backyard

Female mosquitoes use mammalian blood to feed their young.

With more than 70 percent of Americans stating that mosquitoes are a severe problem in their backyards, fighting off these pests is a massive concern across the country. Besides creating incredibly itchy wounds at the point of the bite, mosquitoes also carry life-threatening diseases like malaria and yellow fever. However, there are many effective methods for both preventing mosquitoes from breeding in your backyard and for staving off these pests if they become a bothersome hazard. Does this Spark an idea?

Instructions

1. Rid your backyard of all small stagnant pools of water -- these are breeding grounds for mosquitoes.

2. Change or dispose of all bird bath, gutter and ditch water weekly. Keep swimming pools freshly chlorinated to prevent mosquitoes larvae.

3. Add bacillus thuringiensis to any pools of water. This natural chemical is harmless to other insects and safe for pets.

4. Spray the whole backyard with a mixture of neem oil, bacillus thuringiensis and natural pyrethrins. This will also kill fleas and ticks.

5. Burn candles containing mosquito repellent citronella oil along the perimeter of the backyard.

6. Use neem oil on your skin and the skin of your pets to repel mosquitoes directly when you are lounging in the backyard.

Tags: bacillus thuringiensis, pools water, these pests, your backyard

Keep Mosquitoes Off My Lawn

Keep mosquitoes away from your yard to enjoy a bite-free summer.

Mosquitoes are prevalent insects that not only bite and cause itchy irritations, but can also spread diseases like West Nile Virus. Since these pests are so common, having fun outdoors during summer months can be difficult. Several methods can keep mosquitoes off your lawn and away from your home. Although it is still important to wear some sort of mosquito repellent, keeping them away from the surrounding area will help reduce the risk of getting bitten. Does this Spark an idea?

Instructions

1. Drain all standing water every five days. Standing water is a common spot to find mosquito larvae. Mosquitoes lay their eggs in standing water, and new hatchlings are born every 14 days. Draining the water frequently will prevent new mosquitoes from hatching.

2. Treat water features like bird baths, fountains and ponds with safe, chemical-free mosquito repellents to prevent mosquitoes from laying their eggs in those locations. Buy these preparations in home and garden stores; follow the instructions and treat the water features as necessary.

3. Install mosquito catchers on your lawn. These devices release carbon dioxide, which attracts mosquitoes, and then traps the mosquitoes once they get too close. These devices work with varying success, but should be useful if you live in an area that has a heavy concentration of mosquitoes.

4. Dry out any moist areas of soil. Mosquitoes are attracted to damp areas under decks and porches. Inspect these areas regularly and if necessary, clean them out to dry them.

5. Install a bug zapper. These devices work by attracting mosquitoes to the light and then zapping them with electricity when they get too close. These devices work well for decks and patios where people gather.

Tags: These devices, away from, devices work, These devices work, away from your, close These